Final Exam

Title: Step-by-Step Prep for the TOEIC TEST
Author: 鈴木希明, 辰巳友昭, 小山克明
Publisher: 株式会社　アルク
Date of publication: 2006/8/31


Words

1. ingredient
Page 15
Context: Which of the following ingredients is NOT included in braised beef ?
Definition: One of the foods that you use to make a particular food or dish
Example: This skin cream contains only natural ingredients.

2. procedure
Page 15
Context: To close the cover reverse the procedure.
Definition: A way of doing something, especially the correct or usual way
Example: Follow the proper procedure.

3. reconfirm
Page 19
Context: You should reconfirm your hotel reservation.
Definition: Check again
Example: I reconfirmed our reservation.

4. purpose
Page 19
Context: What is the purpose of this announcement ?
Definition: A plan or aim
Example: She went to Germany for the purpose of studying music.

5. scenery
Page 23
Context: The mountain scenery of Scotland is just what I like.
Definition: The natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests, deserts etc
Example: That building is a blot on the fine scenery.

6. itinerary
Page 23
Context: I've received the detailed itinerary from the travel agent.
Definition: A plan or list of the places you will visit on a journey
Example: We made up itinerary.

7. appetizer
Page 27
Context: First, we ate appetizer.
Definition: A small dish that you eat at the beginning of a meal
Example: I just ate appetizer at the hotel.


I am taking English3. This is a text book of that class. I have final exam next week. I will try my best.

My Experience

I borrowed many books from the library. There are different levels of English books there. I read level 2 and 3. I think it is very good way to improve our English by reading the stories. While enjoying the stories, we can learn English and how to use the words. I could improve my English throughout this semester. I took TOEIC last month, my reading score had increased very much. I didn’t listen to what I read, but I know there are listening materials in the library. I will try them next time. I used an English- English dictionary. It was very hard to use first, but I have experience with it now. It helped me a lot, so I would like to keep using it. I am not taking this class next semester, but I will keep reading English books. I really enjoyed taking this class. Thank you.

SKYJACK!

Title: SKYJACK!
Author: Tim Vicary
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date of publication: 1991/5/16

Words

1. embassy
Page 4
Context: 'That is you and me, outside the Embassy,' said Carl.
Definition: A group of officials who represent their government in a foreign country, or the building they work in
Example: I must go to the Japanese Embassy in Beijing.

2. groan
Page 8
Context:Helen groaned, and picked it up.
Definition: To make a long deep sound because you are in pain, upset, or disappointed, or because something is very enjoyable
Example: She groaned with pain.

3. tear
Page 13
Context: He tore it slowly into little pieces.
Definition: If paper or cloth tears, it splits and a hole appears, because it has been pulled too hard or has touched something sharp
Example: I tole the paper in two.

4. binocular
Page 23
Context: Here are some binoculars, Prime Minister.
Definition: The ability to focus both eyes on one object, which humans, monkeys, and some birds and other animals have
Example: My father bought me a binoculars.

5. obey
Page 26
Context: You must obey my orders.
Definition: To do what someone in authority tells you to do, or what a law or rule says you must do
Example: We have to bey the law.

6. handcuff
Page 29
Context: Then handcuff him to the door.
Definition: To put handcuffs on someone(handcuffs: A pair of metal rings joined by a chain)
Example: Policeman put handcuffs on the criminal.

This is a story about Hijack. In this story, the person who had to decide was the Prime Minister, the head of the government. There were about 100 passengers in the plane. The Prime Minister's husband was included. So, it was very hard for the Prime Minister to decide things, but she behaved calmly. She delivered people form the hijackers.

I was very impressed by the Prime Minister's courage. She never lost her mind. If I was the same situation as her, I could not behave like her.

Japanese Economy and Business

Where: Macroeconomics of Open Economies Chap.29~30, Page 637~677

Words
1. merchant
Context: In 1950 the average merchant ship carried less than 10,000 tons of cargo.
Definition: Someone who buys and sells goods in large quantities
Example: My father is a merchant seaman.

2. currency
Context: The exchange rates at which people can use domestic currency to buy foreign currencies.
Definition: The system or type of money that a country uses
Example: You can't use foreign currency here.

3. deposit
Context: If the Smiths deposit their saving in a mutual fund,
Definition: To put money or something valuable in a bank or other place where it will be safe
Example: He deposited his will with his oldest son.

4. appreciation
Context: That change is called an appreciation of the dollar.
Definition: A rise in value, especially of land or possessions
Example: An appreciation of 50% in property value.

5. phenomena
Context: For understanding many economic phenomena,
Definition: Something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand
Example: A greenhouse effect is a phenomenon of the Earth's atmosphere.

6. involve
Context: It involves looking simultaneously at two related markets
Definition: If an activity or situation involves something, that thing is part of it or a result of it
Example: The investigation involved me in the murder case.

7. vertical
Context: The supply curve is vertical,
Definition: Pointing up in a line that forms an angle of 90° with a flat surface
Example: There is a vertical cliff.

8. depreciation
Context: Because a depreciation of the real exchange rate increases net exports,
Definition: A reduction in the value or price of something
Example: An depreciation of 50% in property value.

9. tariff
Context: One common trade policy is a tariff,
Definition: A tax on goods coming into a country or going out of a country
Example: Lower the tariff 5 %.

10. interact
Context: The U.S. economy interacts with other economies in the world.
Definition: If one thing interacts with another, or if they interact, they affect each other
Example: Tectonic movements interact with an earthquake.

This material is about macroeconomics. I had a presentation yesterday. I talked about the interest rates.
In general if the interest rates decrease there is no advantage to putting your money in a savings account. We can get low interest rate loans, so investments will go up. Foreign investors will not hold the currency because the value or the currency is going down so there is no advantage. Export will increase and imports will decrease. Interest's rates and current exchange rates are closely related. the money will always move to the more profitable market. If the Japanese Yen's interest rate is low and the American dollar's rate is high, the people will hold the more profitable one. Because holding the dollar which has a high interest rate, the Yen will weaken against the dollar. That means the price of goods and services from other countries will be higher and the price of domestic goods and services will also go up, which causes inflation.

The Card

Title: The Card
Author: Nick Bullard
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date of publication: 2007/7/5

Words

1. canal
Page 1
Context: Brougham Street goes down a hill to the canal.
Definition: A long passage dug into the ground and filled with water, either for boats to travel along, or to take water to a place
Example: I went to the Suez Canal

2. countess
Page 2
Context: Then he met the Countess.
Definition: A woman with the same rank as an earl or a count
Example: Countess is popular withe citizens.

3. ball
Page 2
Context: Three weeks and three days before the ball.
Definition: A large formal occasion at which people dance
Example: I bought beautiful ball dress.

4. amuse
Page 7
Context: Something in Denry's question amused the Countess very much.
Definition: To make someone laugh or smile
Example: The comedians amused their audience and raised laughs.

5. sensible
Page 16
Context: It was not a sensible idea.
Definition: Reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment
Example: It will be sensible of you to wear sneakers for tomorrow's hiking.


6. pity
Page 28
Context: What a pity!
Definition: Used to show that you are disappointed about something and you wish things could happen differently
Example: it is a pity that you must go home so soon.


The main character of this story is Edward Henry Mahin who was calling Denry by his mother. He made a thousand pounds by his various ideas. The people of Bursley, the town where Denry live, love a young man who makes them laugh. They are saying "He is a real card". People love Denry's ideas and adventure.
I will tell you one of Denry's idea. Denry was working at Mr. Duncalf's office. Mr.Duncalf was the most important lawyer in Bursley. His sister was grateful to Mrs.Machin, and so Denry got a Job in Mr.Duncalf's office. One day, the mayor and his wife had decided to have a ball and to invite all the most important people in the town. Mr.Machin was administering that ball. Mayor's wife came to the office and left lists of invitations. There was only Denry in the office. He really wanted to go to the ball. He added his name to the list. So, He could go to the ball and enjoyed it very much.

SUPERBIRD

Title: Superbird
Author: Brian Tomlinson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date of publication: 1996/06

Words

1. astronaut
Page 25
Context: At this moment Mary Mount is with the other astronauts preparing to travel to Earth.
Definition: someone who travels and works in a spacecraft

Example: There are five astronauts in the spaceship Apollo 11.

I could understand almost all words in this book. The main character of this story is Mary Mount who is alien. One day, her spaceship made an emergency landing in the earth. She survived this accident. Other astronauts were killed by earthlings. She was caught by earthlings and lived 20 years in the earth. Earthlings were very kind to her, she made many friends in the earth. She taught how to make spaceship to earthling. She went back to her planet after the 20 years of living in the earth. She became an bridge between the her planet and earth.

This story is very interesting. It is being written from alien's position. If it is possible to exchange cultures with the people in the other planets, it might be happy.

This book was easy to read, so I will try to read higher level books.

Different Worlds

Title: Different Worlds

Author: Margaret Johnson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date of publication: 2003/9

word
1. deaf
Page: 7
Context: I am deaf.
Definition: Physically unable to hear anything or unable to hear well
Example: He became deaf as a result of a serious illness.

I could understand almost all words in this book.
This book is story about Sam who is deaf. She is living with her mother and working at Busy kids Day Nursery. One day, she fell in love with a man who is working at the shop across the road from her house. His name is Jim. He was living with Sam's friend. Sam went to the party at Jim and Sam's friend's house. Sam and Jim played together in the snow garden.
They sent text messages and E-mails to each other everyday. They fell in love. They got over the language barrier. Jim likes to play drums. Sam can not hear his sound, but she can feel the vibration of his music. They live happy ever after.



Sam was afraid to talk with Jim first. But, she tried very hard and got over language barrier. I was very impressed by Sam's courage and Jim's gentleness. This story is full of the love.

THE CHILDREN OF THE NEW FOREST

Title: THE CHILDREN OF THE NEW FOREST

Author: Captain Marryat
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date of publication: 2000/8/17

Wards

1. flame
Page 4
Context: He looked back and saw the flames of Arnwood shooting higher and higher above the trees.
Definition: Hot bright burning gas that you see when something is on fire
Example: The boy dashed through flames to pull his brother to safety.

2. pretend
Page 7
Context: You must go to bed and pretend to be ill.
Definition: To behave as if something is true when in fact you know it is not, in order to deceive people or for fun
Example: She often pretended to be a student.

3. mend
Page 12
Context:Alice learned hot to cook and mend clothes.
Definition: To repair a tear or hole in a piece of clothing
Example: Mend holes and tears in clothes before you wash them.

4. calf

Page 15
Context: She's left the other cows because of her new-born calf.
Definition: The baby of a cow, or of some other large animals
Example: The calf was born last week.

5. fortnight

Page 17

Context: Every day for a fortnight Humphrey brought grass to the cow.

Definition: Two weeks
Example: I have a fortnight's holiday.

6. ladder
Page 24
Context: He ran back to the stables and found a ladder.
Definition: A piece of equipment used for climbing up to or down from high places
Example: I leaned a ladder on the wall.

7. lovingly
Page 27
Context: In the evening Jacob spoke to them all very lovingly, one by one.
Definition: With love
Example: He gazed lovingly at his children.



This is a story about four Beverley children. They have no parents, their mother is dead and their father died while fighting for the King Charles. King Charles is in prison, and there is fighting everywhere in the England. Cromwell's men against the King's men. Cromwell's soldiers have burnt their home, and they have nothing. But, they have one true friend. His name is Jacob Armitage. He is old and living in the forest. Jacob help them to live in the forest. He taught how to hunt for meat, plant vegetables, and look after the farm animals to them.
One day, time has come. The King 's son has arrived in Scotland and is now King Charles II. To help the king, eldest child Edward headed for the battlefield, and won by help of France and other countries. After the battle, four Beverley children built new house on the same place as the house before it had been burnt.


I was very impressed by four children's strong will of living through the life. They got over unhappy situation while helping each other. Finally, they avenged their father's death.

The Japanese Economy

Where: Chap4, Economic History, Part 3 Postwar Recovery (1945-1964), The Japanese Economy, by David Flath

Words

1. aggregate
Page 71, line 1
Context: The time chart of aggregate output in Japan from 1885 to the present is marked by a deep valley.
Definition: The total after a lot of different figures or points have been added together
Example: The three smaller parties gained an aggregate of 25 per cent of the vote.

2. hail
Page 71, line 6
Context: The ensuing steep ascent out of that trough has been widely hailed as the "Japanese miracle".
Definition: To describe someone or something as being very good
Example: It was hailed as a great work of art.

3. occupation
Page 71, line 11
Context: The occupation government promulgated a number of economic reforms.
Definition: When a large group of people enter a place and take control of it, especially by military force
Example: The occupation Army came to Japan in 1945.

4. accumulate
Page 71, line 26
Context: the pace of technological advance, and nation's desire to accumulate wealth
Definition: To gradually get more and more money, possessions, knowledge etc over a period of time
Example: He began to accumulate a great fortune.

5. devastate
Page 72, line 1
Context: Some of the nations devastated by World War 2.
Definition: Damage something very badly or completely
Example: The city centre was devastated by the bomb.

6. organ
Page 72, line 35
Context: at an early point, the American government opted not to abolish the exiting organs of government in Japan.
Definition: Formal an organization that is part of, or works for, a larger organization or group
Example: The courts are organs of government.

7. majority
Page 73, line 26
Context: The prime minister and majority of Cabinet must be Diet members.
Definition: Most of the people or things in a group
Example: The majority of women like being given flowers.


I am taking Japanese Economy and Business. This document was distributed by that class. It has written about the economy of Japan in postwar and the occupations by the United States.
There were many words which I did not know. I used dictionary to read it. I could understand what it is saying.
Anyway, I went to the library and found "Screenplay" book. So, I will try it.

THE JUNGLE BOOK

Title: THE JUNGLE BOOK
Author: Rudyard Kipling
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date of publication: 2000/8/17

Words

1. roar
Page 4
Context: And Shere Khan's roar filled the cave with noise.
Definition: A deep, loud noise made by an animal such as a lion, or by someone's voice
Example: I could barely hear above the roar of traffic.

2. hiss
Page 22
Context: 'Nearer' hissed Kaa, and they all moved forward again.
Definition: To say something in a loud whisper
Example: The snake lifted its head and hissed.

3. deer
Page 26
Context: Akela cannot kill his deer in the hunt.
Definition: A large wild animal that can run very fast, eats grass, and has horns
Example: I found deers in the zoo.

4. frightened
Page 29
Context: He looked at the frightened wolves.
Definition: Feeling afraid
Example: I am frightened of walking home alone in the dark.

5. ravine
Page 35
Context: But now he is hiding in the big dry ravine of the Waingunga.
Definition: A deep narrow valley with steep sides
Example: I found beautiful ravine in the mountain.

The main character of this story is Mowgli. He is a human child, but he knows nothing of the world of men. He is brought up by the wolf in the jungle. He lives and hunts with his brothers the wolves. Baloo the bear and Bagheera the panther are his friends and teachers. Mowgli learns the Law of the Jungle from them. One day, Mowgli was kidnapped by monkeys. Baloo and Bagheera saved Mowgli from monkeys by python's help.

Shere Khan, the man-eating tiger was Mowgli's enemy. They fought at the ravine. Mowgli won by his friend's help. Mowgli tried to return to man's life, but he was not able to be accepted by man. He backed to jungle and lived with animals happily.

I could read this book pleasantly. I love this story. I learnt that this story was a movie. I really want to watch that movie.

ANNE of GREEN GABLES

Tittle: ANNE of GREEN GABLES

Author: L.M.Montgomery

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Date of publication:2004/11/4

Words

1. beard

Page 1

Context: Matthew was nearly sixty and had a long brown beard.

Definition: Hair that grows around a man's chin and cheeks

Example: My father shaved his long beard.

2. orphan

Page 2

Context: The children's home is sending us one of their orphan boy.

Definition: A child whose parents are both dead

Example: My friend is orphan, he is living alone.

3. plait

Page 2

Context: She was about eleven, with long red hair in two plaits.

Definition: Long piece of something, especially hair, that is divided into three parts and woven together

Example: My sister has beautiful plaits.

4. sob

Page 5

Context: She sobbed.

Definition: To cry noisily while breathing in short sudden bursts

Example: I sobbed with grief when my grandmother dead.

5. crossly

Page 7

Context: Matthew Cuthbert, are you telling me that you want to keep her?'asked Marilla crossly.

Definition: In a bad temper

Example: My mother answered very crossly.

6. supper

Page 22

Context: She found the kitchen empty, and no supper on the table.
Definition: The meal that you have in the early evening

Example: I invited him to supper.

The brother and sister of an aged farmer wanted to adopt an orphan, to help on the farm at Green Gables. They asked for a boy, but they got Anne, who has red hair and freckles. They were going to send her back to the Children's home first. But, they decided to take care of her while knowing Ann's beautiful mind and an unhappy background. Anne loved to talk and fantasy. She made trouble occasionally.

She studied very hard and became a teacher at the school. However, the foster parent became sick, and it was not possible to go to a distant school. At that time, friend's Gilbert went to a distant school instead of Ann. She was able to be by the foster parent.

It was the first time to actually read though I had heard the name of this story. Anne was very kind person and worked very hard. I want to be like her.

MATTY DOOLIN

Tittle: MATTY DOOLIN
Author: Catherine Cookson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date of publication:2000/3/23

Words

1. stream

Page 13

Context: He took the bucket and began to walk across the field to find the stream.

Definition: A natural flow of water that moves across the land and is narrower than a river

Example: A small stream ran down among the rocks.

2. stroke

Page 17

Context: Matty slowly and lovingly stroked its ears.

Definition: To move your hand gently over something

Example: The cat loves being stroked.

3. blister

Page 18

Context: Willie had a big blister on his foot.

Definition: A swelling on your skin containing clear liquid

Example: I broke a blister caused by a burn.

4. heap

Page 20

Context: You can work on the heap.

Definition: A large untidy pile of things

Example: There is a heap of sand.

5. valley

Page 24

Context: And Betsy shot off down the hill and up the far side of the valley.

Definition: An area of lower land between two lines of hills or mountains

Example: That city lies in a valley surrounded by high mountains.

6. whistle

Page 24

Context: Mr Walsh whistled once.

Definition: To make a high or musical sound by blowing air out through your lips

Example: The umpire whistled for the player to stop.

7. lick

Page 35

Context: She licked Matty's face.

Definition: To move your tongue across the surface of something in order to eat it, wet it, clean it

Example: A boy is licking an ice-cream.

The main character was Matty. He wanted to work with animals and get a job on a farm when he leaves school. But he was living in a town in the north east of England, a long way from farm. He will had to work for ship-building like his father. He was only fifteen and his parents said he can't leave home yet.

He went to two week camp with the friend in father's friend's farm one day. They experienced life with the farm. It was painful and serious, but Matty liked it very much. He worked very hard and enjoyed camping. He was lost in the mountain with his friend and father's friend's dog. They could return safely by Matty's calm behavior. After that happening, Matty's parents understood he was an adult enough. So,his parents permitted him to work at the farm.

I felt admiration for Matty's strong will. I would like to find goal like him.

Robinson Crusoe

Tittle: Robinson Crusoe

Author: Daniel Defoe

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Date of publication:2000/8/17

Words

1.thief

Page 3

Context: They were famous thieves of the sea at that time.

Definition: Someone who steals things from another person or place

Example: My friends were thieves, they were caught by the police.

2.shore

Page 5

Context: Swim to the shore.

Definition: The land along the edge of a large area of water such as an ocean or lake

Example: I walked along the shore of the Pacific Ocean.

3.leopard

Page 8

Context: I think they were leopards.

Definition: A large animal of the cat family, with yellow fur and black spots, which lives in Africa and South Asia

Example: My favorite animal is leopard.

4.wreck

Page 12

Context: It was wrecked and there was nobody near it.

Definition: Destroy a ship

Example: We saved a ship from wreck.

5.cave

Page 14

Context: I found a little cave in the side of a hill.

Definition: A large natural hole in the side of a cliff or hill, or under the ground

Example: The primitive humans were living in the caves.

6.goat

Page 22

Context: There were many goats on the island.

Definition: An animal that has horns on top of its head and long hair under its chin, and can climb steep hills and rocks

Example: My family is drinking goat's milk everyday.

I knew this story, so I could understand easily. It took about one and a half hours to finish reading this book. There were some words which I didn't know, but I understood meanings of these words now.
The main character was Robinson Crusoe. He was born in the city of York in the north of England. He wanted adventure and an exciting life. He decided to be a sailor, and to travel the seas of the world. In 1659, he was sailing from Brazil to Africa with his friends. One day there was a terrible storm. The ship was wrecked. He was the only survivor of the accident. He expressed gratitude for surviving. He reached the uninhabited island. There were no food, no boat, no way of escape. Then, he lived for 27 years at there. After the hard life of 27 years, he was able to return to the England safely.

I was impressed that he bravely faced the danger. He never gave it up.

NEW YORKERS

Tittle: NEW YORKERS

Author: O. Henry

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Date of publication: 2000/10/18

Words

1.trousers

page 10

Context: Nobody could see his trousers. (誰も彼のズボンを見ることができなかった）

Definition: A piece of clothing that covers the body from the waist down and is divided into two parts to cover each leg separately.

Example: I washed my trousers.

2. amnesia

page 19

Context: It is possible that he has amnesia.(彼は記憶喪失になった可能性がある）

Definition: Medical condition in which somebody partly or completely loses their memory

Example: I recovered from amnesia.

3. memento

Page 33

Context: The memento (記念物）

Definition: A thing that you keep or give to somebody to remind you or them of a person or place

Example: I have memento of my father.

There are 5 short stories in this book. All of the main characters of 5 stories are living in New York. I like first story. The tittle is The Christmas Presents. It was very warm story.

The main character is Della. She and her husband was very poor but they lived happily without money. One Christmas day, Della exchaged her beautiful long hair to money to buy present for her husband. Her husband excanged his treasure to money to buy present for Della too. It was very good story.

ONE-WAY-TICKET

Tittle: ONE-WAY-TICKET
Author: jannifer Bassett
Publisher: Oxford University press
Date of publication: 2000/10/26

I borrowed this book from school library. There are three short stories in this book. Three stories concerned a train. I like first one. The tittle of this story is The Girl With Green Eyes.
The main character is Julie. She is very beautiful and has green eyes. She was traveling with her husband by train. There were seven people in the carriage. Her husband was talking with a man for a long time. She was boring and tired. She was interested in a man who were sitting in front of her. He was reading news paper and guidebook of Italy. She thought it is interesting. Then, she got off the train with him.

This book is very easy to read. I could understand all words. I will try to read higher level books.